diff --git a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/catalog/InMemoryBaseTable.scala b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/catalog/InMemoryBaseTable.scala
index e7762565f47ec..1fb167dda6e4e 100644
--- a/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/catalog/InMemoryBaseTable.scala
+++ b/sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/catalog/InMemoryBaseTable.scala
@@ -429,8 +429,15 @@ abstract class InMemoryBaseTable(
     private var _pushedFilters: Array[Filter] = Array.empty
 
     override def build: Scan = {
-      val scan = InMemoryBatchScan(
-        data.map(_.asInstanceOf[InputPartition]).toImmutableArraySeq, schema, tableSchema, options)
+      val scan = if (InMemoryBaseTable.this.ordering.nonEmpty) {
+        new InMemoryBatchScanWithOrdering(
+          data.map(_.asInstanceOf[InputPartition]).toImmutableArraySeq, schema, tableSchema,
+          options)
+      } else {
+        InMemoryBatchScan(
+          data.map(_.asInstanceOf[InputPartition]).toImmutableArraySeq, schema, tableSchema,
+          options)
+      }
       if (evaluableFilters.nonEmpty) {
         scan.filter(evaluableFilters)
       }
@@ -596,6 +603,16 @@ abstract class InMemoryBaseTable(
     }
   }
 
+  private class InMemoryBatchScanWithOrdering(
+      data: Seq[InputPartition],
+      readSchema: StructType,
+      tableSchema: StructType,
+      options: CaseInsensitiveStringMap)
+    extends InMemoryBatchScan(data, readSchema, tableSchema, options)
+      with SupportsReportOrdering {
+    override def outputOrdering(): Array[SortOrder] = InMemoryBaseTable.this.ordering
+  }
+
   abstract class InMemoryWriterBuilder(val info: LogicalWriteInfo)
     extends SupportsTruncate with SupportsDynamicOverwrite with SupportsStreamingUpdateAsAppend {
 
diff --git a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/V2ScanPartitioningAndOrdering.scala b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/V2ScanPartitioningAndOrdering.scala
index 5d06c8786d894..7f51875b971fe 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/V2ScanPartitioningAndOrdering.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/v2/V2ScanPartitioningAndOrdering.scala
@@ -69,7 +69,8 @@ object V2ScanPartitioningAndOrdering extends Rule[LogicalPlan] with Logging {
 
   private def ordering(plan: LogicalPlan) = plan.transformDown {
     case d @ DataSourceV2ScanRelation(relation, scan: SupportsReportOrdering, _, _, _) =>
-      val ordering = V2ExpressionUtils.toCatalystOrdering(scan.outputOrdering(), relation)
+      val ordering =
+        V2ExpressionUtils.toCatalystOrdering(scan.outputOrdering(), relation, relation.funCatalog)
       d.copy(ordering = Some(ordering))
   }
 }
diff --git a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/WriteDistributionAndOrderingSuite.scala b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/WriteDistributionAndOrderingSuite.scala
index 588490e07dfd6..ec1b34b8c2101 100644
--- a/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/WriteDistributionAndOrderingSuite.scala
+++ b/sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/connector/WriteDistributionAndOrderingSuite.scala
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import java.sql.Date
 import java.util.Collections
 
 import org.apache.spark.sql.{catalyst, AnalysisException, DataFrame, Row}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{ApplyFunctionExpression, Cast, Literal}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{ApplyFunctionExpression, Cast, Literal, TransformExpression}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.objects.Invoke
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.physical
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.physical.{CoalescedBoundary, CoalescedHashPartitioning, HashPartitioning, RangePartitioning, UnknownPartitioning}
@@ -30,9 +30,10 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.catalog.{Column, Identifier}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.catalog.functions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.distributions.{Distribution, Distributions}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.expressions._
-import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.expressions.LogicalExpressions._
+import org.apache.spark.sql.connector.expressions.Expressions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.{QueryExecution, SortExec, SparkPlan}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.adaptive.AQEShuffleReadExec
+import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.v2.BatchScanExec
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.datasources.v2.V2TableWriteExec
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.exchange.ShuffleExchangeLike
 import org.apache.spark.sql.execution.streaming.runtime.MemoryStream
@@ -1532,4 +1533,22 @@ class WriteDistributionAndOrderingSuite extends DistributionAndOrderingSuiteBase
       Seq(None)
     }
   }
+
+  test("SPARK-56321: Scan with SupportsReportOrdering and function-based sort order") {
+    val bucketById = bucket(4, "id")
+    val tableOrdering = Array(sort(bucketById, SortDirection.ASCENDING, NullOrdering.NULLS_FIRST))
+    catalog.createTable(ident, columns, Array(bucketById), emptyProps,
+      Distributions.unspecified(), tableOrdering, None, None)
+
+    sql(s"INSERT INTO testcat.ns1.test_table VALUES (1, 'a', date '2021-01-01')")
+
+    val df = sql("SELECT id, data FROM testcat.ns1.test_table")
+    val scans = collect(df.queryExecution.executedPlan) { case s: BatchScanExec => s }
+    assert(scans.size === 1)
+    val ordering = scans.head.outputOrdering
+    assert(ordering.nonEmpty,
+      "scan should report non-empty outputOrdering via SupportsReportOrdering")
+    assert(ordering.head.child.isInstanceOf[TransformExpression],
+      "bucket-based sort order should resolve to a TransformExpression")
+  }
 }