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[🚀 Feature]: Implement Navigation Commands with BiDi #13995
Description
Feature and motivation
Moving forward, Selenium plans to update implementations to use WebDriver BiDi instead of WebDriver Classic if BiDi is enabled.
It was decided at the Selenium Dev Summit that we would implement the navigation commands with BiDi in all the bindings as the minimum for Selenium 5. This will act as a proof of concept that a user can successfully use either BiDi or Classic depending on the capabilities that are set. We do not need to implement everything in BiDi spec before releasing Selenium 5, just have a working module as a pattern to work from.
Considerations
- let's not worry about making sure we're storing the browser context id properly everywhere for this issue
- we do need to make sure we're looking at the user's page load strategy to determine how to wait for the navigation
Implementations
Reacted by Alex Popov
Activity
github-actions commentedon Dec 30, 2024
This issue is stale because it has been open 280 days with no activity. Remove stale label or comment or this will be closed in 14 days.
github-actions commentedon Jan 13, 2025
This issue was closed because it has been stalled for 14 days with no activity.
krishnamohan-kothapalli commentedon Mar 2, 2026
Hi, I'd like to work on the Java implementation for this issue.
My plan:
RemoteNavigationinner class inRemoteWebDriver.javato routeget(),back(),forward(), andrefresh()through BiDi when it's enabled, falling back to Classic otherwisepageLoadStrategycapability to the appropriateReadinessState(normal→COMPLETE,eager→INTERACTIVE,none→NONE)Please let me know if this approach looks right or if there's anything I should be aware of before I start. Happy to adjust based on feedback!
[java][bidi] Route navigation commands through BiDi
[java][bidi] Fix BiDi detection and readiness state mapping
[java][bidi] Fix BiDi detection and readiness state mapping
[java][bidi] Route navigation commands through BiDi
[java][bidi] Fix BiDi detection and readiness state mapping
[java][bidi] Route navigation commands through BiDi
[java][bidi] Fix BiDi detection and readiness state mapping
shossain786 commentedon Jun 24, 2026
I've opened #17715 implementing the Python binding for this, following the merged Ruby PR (#14094) and the in-review Java PR (#17232).
It routes the Classic navigation commands through the BiDi
browsingContextmodule when BiDi is enabled (webSocketUrlpresent), falling back to Classic otherwise:driver.get(url)browsing_context.navigate(context, url, wait=<readiness>)driver.back()browsing_context.traverse_history(context, delta=-1)driver.forward()browsing_context.traverse_history(context, delta=1)driver.refresh()browsing_context.reload(context, wait=<readiness>)pageLoadStrategymaps to readiness state (normal → COMPLETE,eager → INTERACTIVE,none → NONE).One design question for the maintainers: unlike Ruby's dedicated
BiDiBridge, the Python binding has a singleWebDriverclass, so the PR uses an inlineif self._is_bidi_enabled()branch in the four navigation methods. Happy to refactor to a separate bridge/mixin if that's preferred for the Selenium 5 direction. Feedback welcome!naveenprakash82 commentedon Oct 13, 2026
Hi, I am interested in contributing to the WebDriver BiDi navigation implementation, particularly in the Java bindings.
I have experience in browser automation, test framework development, and test reliability. I would like to contribute to the implementation and strengthen regression coverage in the following areas:
normal,eager, andnone, including the expected wait conditions and completion behavior.browsingContext.navigationStarted,browsingContext.domContentLoaded, andbrowsingContext.load.I would prefer to build on the existing Java implementation and focus on areas that still need attention.
Please let me know which part would be most useful to take up. I can review the current implementation, work on the required changes, and submit a pull request with relevant tests.
titusfortner commentedon Oct 13, 2026
I think we're going to need an ADR for what this needs to look like. I started drafting one but ended up down a rabbit hole figuring out Capabilities ADR which is related.